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Remove vox preferences3/23/2023 Several methods to recover vanadium have already been reported as for example, direct acid leaching, sodium salt roasting, hot slag reduction, and bioleaching. Further, vanadium is an important element for Ti-6Al-4V alloy widely-used in additive manufacturing. Total import of vanadium to Germany amounts approximately 15,000 t/ a. Particularly, Germany, being the largest European steel producer reaching crude steel output as high as 39.7 million metric tons in 2019, is also the largest consumer of vanadium and its alloys in EU. Vanadium is considered as a strategic material by EU. Addition of vanadium to steel increases its corrosion resistance. Particularly, in metallurgical industry, vanadium is widely used due to its ability to increase the strength and hardness of steel. The interest to recover vanadium and its oxide from different sources is high. The concentration of vanadium in the fly ash collected in the furnace off-gas cleaning system after combustion process can be as high as to 40 pct in a form of V 2O 5. At the same time, vanadium-containing silicate melts are valuable secondary sources for the recovery of vanadium in some cases containing up to 24 pct vanadium. Vanadium bearing steelmaking slags are classified as environmentally hazardous substances, which require special handling, storage, and restricted landfill, since vanadium higher oxide may be harmful for biological organisms. The annual amount of the slag produced in steelmaking industry exceeds 400 million tones. The escaping of the bubbles into the gas phase is enabled by the vacuum extirpation.ĭuring the production of metals, especially iron and steel, considerable amounts of slags are generated every year all over the world. Due to the high slag viscosity of the bulk slag, these microbubbles formed would have difficulty in coalescing and reaching the slag surface. At the same time, the crucible material would dissolve in the slag causing an increase in the slag viscosity. This gas phase would form microbubbles in the molten slag bulk phase due to low surface tension between the gas phase and the slag, thereby increasing the contact surface. The mechanism of the process phenomenon is described as the formation of V 2O 5 gas phase resulting from the oxidation of the lower-valent oxides present in the slag. The vanadium pentoxide could be then collected in the exhaust gases. When CaO-SiO 2-VO x ternary slags, kept in dense alumina crucibles, are injected with oxygen, V 2O 5 gas bubbles are formed which are forced out by using vacuum extirpation. Vanadium pentoxide has high vapor pressure at the temperatures over 1500 K. The novelty of the present study is to monitor the effect of parallel alumina dissolution on the vaporization phenomenon. The vaporization of vanadium pentoxide from CaO-SiO 2-VO x ternary slags using different gas treatment regimens and parallel vacuum gas extirpation to treat V-bearing slags at 1873 K has been developed in the present study.
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